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Proverbs 31

Good advice to a king

31 These are the words that King Lemuel's mother said to him. It is an important message: [ a ]

2 Be careful, my dear son. God answered my prayers when I gave birth to you. Please listen carefully!

3 Do not chase after women and lose your strength. Women like that have destroyed kings.

4 Listen, Lemuel. Kings should not drink lots of wine. They should not want strong drink. 5 When kings drink alcohol, they forget to obey the law. They take away justice for helpless people.

6 Give strong drink to people who are dying. Give wine to people who are very upset. 7 Then they can forget how poor they are, or how sad they are.

8 Speak on behalf of people who cannot speak for themselves. Help helpless people to receive justice. 9 Speak clearly to help them. Judge people in a way that is fair and right. Help poor and helpless people to receive justice.

A poem about a good wife [ b ]

10 How difficult it is to find a wife who is truly wise! She is worth much more than valuable jewels.
11 Her husband trusts her to help him. He will have everything that he needs.
12 She does good things for him every day of her life. She never tries to hurt him.
13 She is happy to work with her own hands to make clothes with wool and linen.
14 She brings special food from far away, like a ship that travels across the sea.
15 She gets up while it is still night and she prepares food for her family. She also gives some to her female servants.
16 She looks carefully at a field, and she decides to buy it. She uses her own money to plant a vineyard.
17 She is strong and she always works hard.
18 She knows how to make money as she buys and sells things. Even at night, she is still working.
19 She knows how to make cloth.
20 She gives money to poor and helpless people.
21 All her family have warm clothes to wear. She is not afraid when cold weather comes.
22 She makes beautiful cloths to cover the beds. Her own clothes are made with valuable linen and purple cloth.
23 People in the city respect her husband. He meets with the other leaders at the city's gate.
24 She uses linen to make clothes and she sells them. She makes belts to sell to the traders.
25 She shows her strength and people respect her. She is not afraid of what will happen in the future.
26 When she speaks, she says wise words. She is kind as she teaches people what is right.
27 She always works hard and she takes care of her family.
28 Her children all agree to thank her. Her husband also praises her.
29 He says, ‘Many women are wise and they work well, but you are better than all of them.’
30 A woman may seem to be beautiful, but that can deceive people. Her body will not be beautiful for ever.
But a woman who respects the Lord with fear will receive honour.
31 Praise her for everything that she has done.
Everyone in the city should know about her, and they should praise her as she deserves.

Footnotes

  1. 31:1 Lemuel was not a king of Israel. But his name means ‘he belongs to God’.
  2. 31:10 This poem at the end of the Book of Proverbs tells us what it means to be really wise. It does not mean that you know everything. It means that you live in a good way that helps other people. Verses 10-31 are an alphabet poem. Each line starts with the next letter of the Hebrew alphabet, starting with Aleph.

Wise Words for a King

31 These are the wise sayings that King Lemuel’s mother taught him:

2 I prayed for a son, and you are the son I gave birth to. 3 Don’t waste your strength on women. Women destroy kings, so don’t waste yourself on them. 4 Lemuel, it is not wise for kings to drink wine. It is not wise for rulers to want beer. 5 They may drink too much and forget what the law says. Then they might take away the rights of the poor. 6 Give beer to people without hope. Give wine to those who are in trouble. 7 Let them drink to forget their troubles. Let them forget they are poor.

8 Speak up for people who cannot speak for themselves. Help people who are in trouble. 9 Stand up for what you know is right, and judge all people fairly. Protect the rights of the poor and those who need help.

The Perfect Wife

10 [ a ] How hard it is to find the perfect wife. [ b ]
She is worth far more than jewels.
11 Her husband depends on her.
He will never be poor.
12 She does good for her husband all her life.
She never causes him trouble.
13 She is always gathering wool and flax [ c ]
and enjoys making things with her hands.
14 She is like a ship from a faraway place.
She brings home food from everywhere.
15 She wakes up early in the morning,
cooks food for her family, and gives the servants their share.
16 She looks at land and buys it.
She uses the money she has earned and plants a vineyard.
17 She works very hard.
She is strong and able to do all her work.
18 She works late into the night
to make sure her business earns a profit.
19 She makes her own thread
and weaves her own cloth.
20 She always gives to the poor
and helps those who need it.
21 She does not worry about her family when it snows.
She has given them all good, warm clothes.
22 She makes sheets and spreads for the beds,
and she wears clothes of fine linen.
23 Her husband is a respected member of the city council,
where he meets with the other leaders.
24 She makes clothes and belts
and sells them to the merchants.
25 She is a strong person, [ d ] and people respect her.
She looks to the future with confidence.
26 She speaks with wisdom
and teaches others to be loving and kind.
27 She oversees the care of her house.
She is never lazy.
28 Her children say good things about her.
Her husband brags about her and says,
29 “There are many good women,
but you are the best.”
30 Grace and beauty can fool you,
but a woman who respects the Lord should be praised.
31 Give her the reward she deserves.
Praise her in public for what she has done.

Footnotes

  1. Proverbs 31:10 In Hebrew, each verse of this poem starts with the next letter of the alphabet, so this poem shows all the good qualities of a woman “from A to Z.”
  2. Proverbs 31:10 the perfect wife Or “a noble woman.”
  3. Proverbs 31:13 flax A plant used to make linen cloth.
  4. Proverbs 31:25 She is a strong person Or “She is praised.”

31 The words of king Lemuel, the prophecy that his mother taught him.

2 What, my son? and what, the son of my womb? and what, the son of my vows?

3 Give not thy strength unto women, nor thy ways to that which destroyeth kings.

4 It is not for kings, O Lemuel, it is not for kings to drink wine; nor for princes strong drink:

5 Lest they drink, and forget the law, and pervert the judgment of any of the afflicted.

6 Give strong drink unto him that is ready to perish, and wine unto those that be of heavy hearts.

7 Let him drink, and forget his poverty, and remember his misery no more.

8 Open thy mouth for the dumb in the cause of all such as are appointed to destruction.

9 Open thy mouth, judge righteously, and plead the cause of the poor and needy.

10 Who can find a virtuous woman? for her price is far above rubies.

11 The heart of her husband doth safely trust in her, so that he shall have no need of spoil.

12 She will do him good and not evil all the days of her life.

13 She seeketh wool, and flax, and worketh willingly with her hands.

14 She is like the merchants' ships; she bringeth her food from afar.

15 She riseth also while it is yet night, and giveth meat to her household, and a portion to her maidens.

16 She considereth a field, and buyeth it: with the fruit of her hands she planteth a vineyard.

17 She girdeth her loins with strength, and strengtheneth her arms.

18 She perceiveth that her merchandise is good: her candle goeth not out by night.

19 She layeth her hands to the spindle, and her hands hold the distaff.

20 She stretcheth out her hand to the poor; yea, she reacheth forth her hands to the needy.

21 She is not afraid of the snow for her household: for all her household are clothed with scarlet.

22 She maketh herself coverings of tapestry; her clothing is silk and purple.

23 Her husband is known in the gates, when he sitteth among the elders of the land.

24 She maketh fine linen, and selleth it; and delivereth girdles unto the merchant.

25 Strength and honour are her clothing; and she shall rejoice in time to come.

26 She openeth her mouth with wisdom; and in her tongue is the law of kindness.

27 She looketh well to the ways of her household, and eateth not the bread of idleness.

28 Her children arise up, and call her blessed; her husband also, and he praiseth her.

29 Many daughters have done virtuously, but thou excellest them all.

30 Favour is deceitful, and beauty is vain: but a woman that feareth the Lord , she shall be praised.

31 Give her of the fruit of her hands; and let her own works praise her in the gates.

The Words of Lemuel

31 The words of King Lemuel, the pronouncement which his mother taught him:

2 What, my son?
And what, ( A ) son of my womb?
And what, son of my ( B ) vows?
3 ( C ) Do not give your strength to women,
Or your ways to that which ( D ) destroys kings.
4 It is not for ( E ) kings, Lemuel,
It is not for kings to ( F ) drink wine,
Or for rulers to desire intoxicating drink,
5 Otherwise they will drink and forget what is decreed,
And ( G ) pervert the [ a ] rights of all the [ b ] needy.
6 Give intoxicating drink to one who is ( H ) perishing,
And wine to one [ c ] ( I ) whose life is bitter.
7 Let him drink and forget his poverty,
And remember his trouble no more.
8 ( J ) Open your mouth for the people who cannot speak,
For the [ d ] rights of all the [ e ] unfortunate.
9 Open your mouth, ( K ) judge righteously,
And [ f ] defend the ( L ) rights of the poor and needy.

Description of a Worthy Woman

10 An ( M ) excellent wife, who can find her ?
For her worth is far ( N ) above jewels.
11 The heart of her husband trusts in her,
And he will have no lack of gain.
12 She does him good and not evil
All the days of her life.
13 She looks for wool and linen,
And works with her [ g ] hands [ h ] in delight.
14 She is like ( O ) merchant ships;
She brings her food from afar.
15 And she ( P ) rises while it is still night
And ( Q ) gives food to her household,
And [ i ] portions to her attendants.
16 She considers a field and buys it;
From [ j ] her earnings she plants a vineyard.
17 She ( R ) surrounds her waist with strength
And makes her arms strong.
18 She senses that her profit is good;
Her lamp does not go out at night.
19 She stretches out her hands to the [ k ] distaff,
And her [ l ] hands grasp the spindle.
20 She [ m ] ( S ) extends her hand to the poor,
And she stretches out her hands to the needy.
21 She is not afraid of the snow for her household,
For all her household are ( T ) clothed with scarlet.
22 She makes ( U ) coverings for herself;
Her clothing is ( V ) fine linen and ( W ) purple.
23 Her husband is known ( X ) in the gates,
When he sits among the elders of the land.
24 She makes ( Y ) linen garments and sells them ,
And [ n ] supplies belts to the [ o ] tradesmen.
25 Strength and ( Z ) dignity are her clothing,
And she smiles at the [ p ] future.
26 She ( AA ) opens her mouth in wisdom,
And the [ q ] teaching of kindness is on her tongue.
27 She watches over the activities of her household,
And does not eat the ( AB ) bread of idleness.
28 Her children rise up and bless her;
Her husband also , and he praises her, saying :
29 “Many daughters have done nobly,
But you excel them all.”
30 Charm is deceitful and beauty is vain,
But a woman who [ r ] ( AC ) fears the Lord , she shall be praised.
31 Give her the [ s ] product of her hands,
And let her works praise her in the gates.

Footnotes

  1. Proverbs 31:5 Lit judgment
  2. Proverbs 31:5 Lit sons of affliction
  3. Proverbs 31:6 Lit bitter of soul
  4. Proverbs 31:8 Lit judgment
  5. Proverbs 31:8 Lit sons of passing away
  6. Proverbs 31:9 Lit judge the afflicted
  7. Proverbs 31:13 Lit palms
  8. Proverbs 31:13 Or willingly
  9. Proverbs 31:15 Or prescribed tasks
  10. Proverbs 31:16 Lit the fruit of her palms
  11. Proverbs 31:19 I.e., the staff that holds the textile fibers for spinning
  12. Proverbs 31:19 Lit palms
  13. Proverbs 31:20 Lit spreads out her palm
  14. Proverbs 31:24 Lit gives
  15. Proverbs 31:24 Lit Canaanite
  16. Proverbs 31:25 Lit latter days
  17. Proverbs 31:26 Or law
  18. Proverbs 31:30 Or reveres
  19. Proverbs 31:31 Lit fruit

Sayings of King Lemuel

31 The sayings ( A ) of King Lemuel—an inspired utterance his mother taught him.

2 Listen, my son! Listen, son of my womb!
Listen, my son, the answer to my prayers! ( B )
3 Do not spend your strength [ a ] on women,
your vigor on those who ruin kings. ( C )

4 It is not for kings, Lemuel—
it is not for kings to drink wine, ( D )
not for rulers to crave beer,
5 lest they drink ( E ) and forget what has been decreed, ( F )
and deprive all the oppressed of their rights.
6 Let beer be for those who are perishing,
wine ( G ) for those who are in anguish!
7 Let them drink ( H ) and forget their poverty
and remember their misery no more.

8 Speak ( I ) up for those who cannot speak for themselves,
for the rights of all who are destitute.
9 Speak up and judge fairly;
defend the rights of the poor and needy. ( J )

Epilogue: The Wife of Noble Character

10 [ b ] A wife of noble character ( K ) who can find? ( L )
She is worth far more than rubies.
11 Her husband ( M ) has full confidence in her
and lacks nothing of value. ( N )
12 She brings him good, not harm,
all the days of her life.
13 She selects wool and flax
and works with eager hands. ( O )
14 She is like the merchant ships,
bringing her food from afar.
15 She gets up while it is still night;
she provides food for her family
and portions for her female servants.
16 She considers a field and buys it;
out of her earnings she plants a vineyard.
17 She sets about her work vigorously;
her arms are strong for her tasks.
18 She sees that her trading is profitable,
and her lamp does not go out at night.
19 In her hand she holds the distaff
and grasps the spindle with her fingers.
20 She opens her arms to the poor
and extends her hands to the needy. ( P )
21 When it snows, she has no fear for her household;
for all of them are clothed in scarlet.
22 She makes coverings for her bed;
she is clothed in fine linen and purple.
23 Her husband is respected at the city gate,
where he takes his seat among the elders ( Q ) of the land.
24 She makes linen garments and sells them,
and supplies the merchants with sashes.
25 She is clothed with strength and dignity;
she can laugh at the days to come.
26 She speaks with wisdom,
and faithful instruction is on her tongue. ( R )
27 She watches over the affairs of her household
and does not eat the bread of idleness.
28 Her children arise and call her blessed;
her husband also, and he praises her:
29 “Many women do noble things,
but you surpass them all.”
30 Charm is deceptive, and beauty is fleeting;
but a woman who fears the Lord is to be praised.
31 Honor her for all that her hands have done,
and let her works bring her praise ( S ) at the city gate.

Footnotes

  1. Proverbs 31:3 Or wealth
  2. Proverbs 31:10 Verses 10-31 are an acrostic poem, the verses of which begin with the successive letters of the Hebrew alphabet.
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