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BibleStudyIt Numbers 30

  • Numbers Chapter 30

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Rules about promises

30 Moses said to the leaders of the Israelite tribes: ‘The Lord commands this: 2 If a man promises to the Lord that he will do something, he must do everything that he has promised.

3 A young woman who still lives in her father's house might make a promise to the Lord . 4 If her father hears about her promise and he does not say anything, she must do everything that she has promised. 5 But her father may refuse to let her do it. Then she does not have to do what she promised to do. The Lord will understand why she does not do it.

6 But a young woman like that might make a promise to God and then marry a husband. She might have promised something when she had not thought carefully about it. 7 After she marries, if her husband hears about it but he does not stop her, she must do what she promised. 8 But her husband may say that he refuses to let her do it. He must say that on the day when he first hears about it. Then the woman does not have to do what she promised to do. The Lord will forgive her.

9 If a woman no longer has a husband, she must do whatever she has promised to the Lord . Maybe she is a widow, or she has become separate from her husband.

10 A woman who is living with her husband may make a promise to the Lord . 11 If her husband hears about it but he does not say anything, she must do everything that she has promised. 12 But her husband may say clearly that she must not do it. Then she must obey him. The Lord will understand why she does not do it.

13 The husband may let his wife do what she promised to do, or he may refuse. 14 If the husband does not say anything for many days about the promise, the woman must do what she promised. 15 The husband may wait for many days after he hears about his wife's promise. If he then refuses to let her do what she promised, he will be guilty. God will punish him instead of his wife.’

16 Those are the rules that the Lord gave to Moses. They say what must happen when husbands, wives or young women who still live at home make a promise to the Lord .

Special Promises

30 Moses spoke with all the leaders of the Israelite tribes and told them about these commands from the Lord :

2 “If a man makes a special promise to the Lord or makes a promise with an oath, he must not break his promise. He must do everything he said he would do.

3 “A young woman might still be living in her father’s house. And that young woman might make a special promise to give something to the Lord . 4 If her father hears about the promise and agrees, the young woman must do what she promised. 5 But if her father hears about the promise and does not agree, she is free from her promise. She does not have to do what she promised. Her father stopped her, so the Lord will forgive her.

6 “A woman might make a special promise to give something to the Lord and then get married. 7 If the husband hears about the promise and does not object, the woman must do what she promised. 8 But if the husband hears about the promise and refuses to let her keep her promise, the wife does not have to do what she promised. Her husband broke the promise—he did not let her do what she said. So the Lord will forgive her.

9 “A widow or a divorced woman might make a special promise. If she does, she must do exactly what she promised.

10 “A married woman might make a promise to give something to the Lord. 11 If her husband hears about the promise and lets her keep her promise, she must do exactly what she promised. She must give everything she promised. 12 But if her husband hears about the promise and refuses to let her keep the promise, she does not have to do what she promised. It doesn’t matter what she promised to do; if her husband is against it, this ends her duty to do it. And the Lord will forgive her. 13 A married woman might promise to give something to the Lord , or she might promise to do without something, [ a ] or she might make some other special promise to God. The husband can stop any of these promises, and the husband can let her keep any of these promises. 14 How does the husband let his wife keep her promises? If he hears about the promises and does not stop them, the woman must do exactly what she promised. 15 But if the husband hears about the promises and stops them, he is responsible for breaking her promises.” [ b ]

16 These are the commands that the Lord gave to Moses. These are the commands about a man and his wife, and about a father and his daughter who is still young and living at home in her father’s house.

Footnotes

  1. Numbers 30:13 do without something Literally, “humble her soul.” Usually this means to make the body suffer in some way, such as by not eating food.
  2. Numbers 30:15 he … her promises Literally, “he carries her guilt.”

30 And Moses spake unto the heads of the tribes concerning the children of Israel, saying, This is the thing which the Lord hath commanded.

2 If a man vow a vow unto the Lord , or swear an oath to bind his soul with a bond; he shall not break his word, he shall do according to all that proceedeth out of his mouth.

3 If a woman also vow a vow unto the Lord , and bind herself by a bond, being in her father's house in her youth;

4 And her father hear her vow, and her bond wherewith she hath bound her soul, and her father shall hold his peace at her; then all her vows shall stand, and every bond wherewith she hath bound her soul shall stand.

5 But if her father disallow her in the day that he heareth; not any of her vows, or of her bonds wherewith she hath bound her soul, shall stand: and the Lord shall forgive her, because her father disallowed her.

6 And if she had at all an husband, when she vowed, or uttered ought out of her lips, wherewith she bound her soul;

7 And her husband heard it, and held his peace at her in the day that he heard it: then her vows shall stand, and her bonds wherewith she bound her soul shall stand.

8 But if her husband disallowed her on the day that he heard it; then he shall make her vow which she vowed, and that which she uttered with her lips, wherewith she bound her soul, of none effect: and the Lord shall forgive her.

9 But every vow of a widow, and of her that is divorced, wherewith they have bound their souls, shall stand against her.

10 And if she vowed in her husband's house, or bound her soul by a bond with an oath;

11 And her husband heard it, and held his peace at her, and disallowed her not: then all her vows shall stand, and every bond wherewith she bound her soul shall stand.

12 But if her husband hath utterly made them void on the day he heard them; then whatsoever proceeded out of her lips concerning her vows, or concerning the bond of her soul, shall not stand: her husband hath made them void; and the Lord shall forgive her.

13 Every vow, and every binding oath to afflict the soul, her husband may establish it, or her husband may make it void.

14 But if her husband altogether hold his peace at her from day to day; then he establisheth all her vows, or all her bonds, which are upon her: he confirmeth them, because he held his peace at her in the day that he heard them.

15 But if he shall any ways make them void after that he hath heard them; then he shall bear her iniquity.

16 These are the statutes, which the Lord commanded Moses, between a man and his wife, between the father and his daughter, being yet in her youth in her father's house.

The Law of Vows

30 [ a ] Then Moses spoke to ( A ) the heads of the tribes of the sons of Israel, saying, “This is the word which the Lord has commanded: 2 ( B ) If a man makes a vow to the Lord , or takes an oath to [ b ] put himself under a binding obligation, he shall not break his word; he shall act in accordance with everything that comes out of his mouth.

3 “And if a woman makes a vow to the Lord , and puts herself under a binding obligation in her father’s house in her youth, 4 and her father hears her vow and her obligation under which she has put herself, and her father [ c ] says nothing to her, then all her vows shall [ d ] remain valid and every binding obligation under which she has put herself shall [ e ] remain valid. 5 But if her father expresses disapproval to her on the day he hears of it , none of her vows or her obligations under which she has put herself shall remain valid; and the Lord will [ f ] forgive her because her father has expressed disapproval to her.

6 “However, if she happens to [ g ] marry while [ h ] under her vows or the impulsive statement of her lips by which she has obligated herself, 7 and her husband hears of it and says nothing to her on the day he hears it , then her vows shall remain valid and her binding obligations under which she has put herself shall remain valid. 8 But if on the day her husband hears of it , he expresses disapproval to her, then he will annul her vow which [ i ] she is under and the impulsive statement of her lips by which she has obligated herself; and the Lord will [ j ] forgive her.

9 “But as for the vow of a widow or of a divorced woman, every binding obligation under which she has put herself, shall remain valid against her. 10 However, if a married woman vowed in her husband’s house, or put herself under a binding obligation with an oath, 11 and her husband heard it , but said nothing to her and did not express disapproval to her, then all her vows shall remain valid and every binding obligation under which she put herself shall remain valid. 12 But if her husband actually annuls them on the day he hears them , then no utterance from her lips concerning her vows or the obligation she put on herself shall remain valid; her husband has annulled them, and the Lord will [ k ] forgive her.

13 “Every vow and every binding oath to humble herself, her husband may confirm it or her husband may annul it. 14 But if her husband in fact says nothing to her from day to day, then he confirms all her vows or all her binding obligations which are on her; he has confirmed them, because he said nothing to her on the day he heard them. 15 However, if he actually annuls them [ l ] after he has heard them, then he shall bear the responsibility for her guilt.”

16 These are the statutes which the Lord commanded Moses concerning matters between a man and his wife, and between a father and his daughter while she is in her youth in her father’s house.

Footnotes

  1. Numbers 30:1 Ch 30:2 in Heb
  2. Numbers 30:2 Lit bind on his soul , and similarly throughout the ch
  3. Numbers 30:4 Lit is silent to her , and so throughout the ch
  4. Numbers 30:4 Lit stand , and so throughout the ch
  5. Numbers 30:4 Lit stand , and so throughout the ch
  6. Numbers 30:5 I.e., for not fulfilling them
  7. Numbers 30:6 Lit become a husband’s
  8. Numbers 30:6 Lit her vows are on her
  9. Numbers 30:8 Lit is on her
  10. Numbers 30:8 I.e., for not fulfilling them
  11. Numbers 30:12 I.e., for not fulfilling them
  12. Numbers 30:15 I.e., perhaps a long delay before he annuls them

Vows

30 [ a ] Moses said to the heads of the tribes of Israel: ( A ) “This is what the Lord commands: 2 When a man makes a vow to the Lord or takes an oath to obligate himself by a pledge, he must not break his word but must do everything he said. ( B )

3 “When a young woman still living in her father’s household makes a vow to the Lord or obligates herself by a pledge 4 and her father hears about her vow or pledge but says nothing to her, then all her vows and every pledge by which she obligated herself will stand. ( C ) 5 But if her father forbids her ( D ) when he hears about it, none of her vows or the pledges by which she obligated herself will stand; the Lord will release her because her father has forbidden her.

6 “If she marries after she makes a vow ( E ) or after her lips utter a rash promise by which she obligates herself 7 and her husband hears about it but says nothing to her, then her vows or the pledges by which she obligated herself will stand. 8 But if her husband ( F ) forbids her when he hears about it, he nullifies the vow that obligates her or the rash promise by which she obligates herself, and the Lord will release her. ( G )

9 “Any vow or obligation taken by a widow or divorced woman will be binding on her.

10 “If a woman living with her husband makes a vow or obligates herself by a pledge under oath 11 and her husband hears about it but says nothing to her and does not forbid her, then all her vows or the pledges by which she obligated herself will stand. 12 But if her husband nullifies them when he hears about them, then none of the vows or pledges that came from her lips will stand. ( H ) Her husband has nullified them, and the Lord will release her. 13 Her husband may confirm or nullify any vow she makes or any sworn pledge to deny herself. [ b ] 14 But if her husband says nothing to her about it from day to day, then he confirms all her vows or the pledges binding on her. He confirms them by saying nothing to her when he hears about them. 15 If, however, he nullifies them ( I ) some time after he hears about them, then he must bear the consequences of her wrongdoing.”

16 These are the regulations the Lord gave Moses concerning relationships between a man and his wife, and between a father and his young daughter still living at home.

Footnotes

  1. Numbers 30:1 In Hebrew texts 30:1-16 is numbered 30:2-17.
  2. Numbers 30:13 Or to fast